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Poverty and unemployment
Poverty and unemployment for UPSC Prelims and Mains, taught in 2 parts. Each part has tables, exam traps, a recap and practice questions, and every paragraph is explained in Marathi.
Parts of this chapter
Employment and unemployment: concepts, measurement and types
The labour force, LFPR, WPR and the unemployment rate; usual status (ps+ss), current weekly and current daily status; the Periodic Labour Force Survey from 2017 and its 2025 redesign with monthly and rural quarterly estimates; PLFS trends to 2023-24 including women's participation; open, disguised, seasonal, frictional, structural, cyclical and educated unemployment and underemployment; the unorganised sector and the e-Shram portal.Employment policy: the rural job guarantee, labour codes and schemes
MGNREGA (2005): the legal right to 100 days of work on demand, the 15-day rule and unemployment allowance, social audit and cost sharing; its replacement by the VB-G RAM G Act, 2025 (in force 1 July 2026) with 125 days, a seasonal pause, normative allocation and 60:40 sharing; the four labour codes in force from 21 November 2025; DAY-NRLM and self-help groups, PMEGP, PMKVY and the PM Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana.Study this in the Upscore app to keep notes, save it for revision, track your practice scores and follow a plan to the exam date. It's free.
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