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Sustainable development and energy

Sustainable development and energy for UPSC Prelims and Mains, taught in 3 parts. Each part has tables, exam traps, a recap and practice questions.

Quick recap: Sustainable development and energy: quick recap

The whole chapter in one sitting: the meaning of sustainable development, the road to the 2030 Agenda and India's SDG machinery; renewable energy targets, solar, wind, storage, green hydrogen, energy efficiency and biofuels; sustainable farming, organic and natural farming, and the regulation of GM crops.

Parts of this chapter

Part 1

Sustainable development and the Sustainable Development Goals

What sustainable development means and where the idea came from; carrying capacity, ecological footprint and the circular economy; the road from Stockholm and Rio to Rio+20; the Millennium Development Goals; the 2030 Agenda and its 17 goals; how the goals are tracked in the world and in India; Article 48A and the Vellore judgment; Mission LiFE.
Part 2

Renewable energy, green hydrogen and energy efficiency

India's clean energy targets and the 2025 milestone; solar, wind, small hydro, bioenergy, geothermal and tidal energy; storage and the Green Energy Corridor; grey, blue and green hydrogen and the National Green Hydrogen Mission; the Energy Conservation Act, BEE, PAT and star labels; biofuels, E20, SATAT and the Global Biofuels Alliance.
Part 3

Sustainable agriculture and genetically modified crops

Soil, water and input efficiency; integrated pest management; organic farming, NPOP and PGS-India, Sikkim; natural farming and its national mission; NICRA, NMSA and millets; transgenic and genome-edited crops; the 1989 Rules, RCGM and GEAC; Bt cotton, Bt brinjal, GM mustard and genome-edited rice; the GM debate.

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